Treatment for cornea-related conditions depends on the specific issue affecting the cornea. Here are some common cornea treatments for various conditions:
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Refractive Errors (Nearsightedness, Farsightedness, Astigmatism): Refractive errors can be corrected with eyeglasses, contact lenses, or refractive surgeries like LASIK, PRK, or SMILE. These procedures reshape the cornea to improve its focusing ability.
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Corneal Infections (Keratitis): Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections of the cornea may require prescription eye drops or ointments to treat the infection. Severe infections may need more aggressive treatment, including oral medications or even corneal transplant in extreme cases.
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Corneal Abrasions and Injuries: Minor corneal abrasions often heal on their own with time and may be treated with lubricating eye drops or ointments to promote healing. Larger injuries or cuts may require sutures or other surgical interventions to repair the cornea.
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Corneal Dystrophies: Inherited corneal dystrophies have no cure, but their symptoms can be managed with medications or, in some cases, surgical procedures like corneal transplant.
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Corneal Ulcers: These open sores on the cornea can be caused by infections or other factors. Treatment involves identifying and addressing the underlying cause, along with the use of antibiotic or antifungal eye drops or oral medications.
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Corneal Edema: Swelling of the cornea can be managed with hypertonic saline drops, which help reduce the swelling and improve vision.
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Fuchs' Dystrophy: This progressive condition that affects the inner layer of the cornea may require treatment with eye drops or surgery, such as Descemet's stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK) or Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).
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Corneal Transplant: For severe corneal diseases or injuries that cannot be treated effectively with other methods, a corneal transplant (keratoplasty) may be recommended. During this procedure, a damaged or diseased cornea is replaced with a healthy donor cornea.